Python while 循环
在本节中,我们来介绍 while
循环,该循环内的语句会被执行多次,直到循环判断条件不为 True
为止。在一个 while
循环中,如果判断条件是 True
,则执行 while
内部语句,这个过程一直持续到条件变为 False
。
while
跟 for
循环相比,主要使用在当你不知道将要执行多少次循环语句(迭代总数)时。
以下是 Python while
循环的语法:
while condition:
block of statements
这里,如果 condition
是 True
的话,则控制进入主体 while
并执行内部语句块,当条件变为时 False
,迭代将停止并且循环也会终止。
while
循环示例
以下程序示例用来计算前五个偶数的总和:
sum = 0
i = 0 #initializing counter variable at 0
while i <= 10:
sum = sum + i
i = i + 2 #incrementing counter variable with inter of 2 for even numbers
print("Sum of first five even numbers =", sum)
Sum of first five even numbers = 30
首先,需要初始化计数器变量的值 i
,然后 while
的判断条件是如果 i
大于 10 则应该终止 while
循环。然后 i
在每次迭代中递增 2 来增加计数器变量,这将生成偶数序列,因为最初 i
为零。
当 i
变为 12 时,循环终止并将 sum
打印出来。在循环的每次迭代中,将值 i
累加到 sum
。
while
循环结合 else
在 while
循环语法中,你也可以在后面添加 else
语句块,改语句块在条件判断为 False
并且循环没有被跳出情况下被执行。
break
终止 while
循环,那它将忽略该 else
部分。count = 0
while count < 4:
print("You are inside while loop")
count = count + 1
else:
print("You are in else part")
You are inside while loop
You are inside while loop
You are inside while loop
You are inside while loop
You are in else part
当 count
大于 4 时,else
部分会被执行。
Founder of DelftStack.com. Jinku has worked in the robotics and automotive industries for over 8 years. He sharpened his coding skills when he needed to do the automatic testing, data collection from remote servers and report creation from the endurance test. He is from an electrical/electronics engineering background but has expanded his interest to embedded electronics, embedded programming and front-/back-end programming.
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