PyQt5 教程 - 网格布局
我们将在本教程中学习 PyQt5 中的另一种布局方法 - 网格布局 GridLayout。
PyQt5 网格布局
QGridLayout 类在窗口网格中放置控件。QGridLayout 获取可用空间并将其划分为行和列，然后将每个窗口控件放入指定的单元格中。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout,QPushButton, QApplication)
class basicWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
for x in range(3):
for y in range(3):
button = QPushButton(str(str(3*x+y)))
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
self.setWindowTitle('Basic Grid Layout')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
windowExample = basicWindow()
windowExample.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
在这里，
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
定义了 grid_layout 为 QWidgets 中的 QGridLayout-网格布局。
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
它将类布局设置为刚定义的布局方法 - 网格布局。
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
QGridLayout 类的 addWidget 方法将按钮 button 放在坐标为 x,y 的单元格上。左上角的坐标默认为 (0,0)。
PyQt5 网格布局跨度
通常，每个控件都占用网格的一个单元格，但控件也可以使用 addWidget() 重载方法，将行和列跨越更多数量的单元格。
addWidget (self, QWidget, row, column, rowSpan, columnSpan, Qt.Alignment alignment = 0)
第三个和第四个参数是行和列跨越，默认情况下等于 1。如果跨度为-1，则单元格控件将延伸到右边或底边。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout,QPushButton, QApplication)
class basicWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
button = QPushButton('1-3')
grid_layout.addWidget(button, 0, 0, 1, 3)
button = QPushButton('4, 7')
grid_layout.addWidget(button, 1, 0, -1, 1)
for x in range(1, 3):
for y in range(1, 3):
button = QPushButton(str(str(3*x+y)))
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
self.setWindowTitle('Basic Grid Layout')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
windowExample = basicWindow()
windowExample.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
PyQt5 网格布局行列延伸
setColumnStretch 和 setRowStretch 设置列或行的伸展因子。伸展因子是与其他列/行相比的相对数。具有较高因子的列/行占用更多可用空间。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout,QPushButton, QApplication)
class basicWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
for x in range(3):
for y in range(3):
button = QPushButton(str(str(3*x+y)))
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
grid_layout.setColumnStretch(x, x+1)
self.setWindowTitle('Basic Grid Layout')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
windowExample = basicWindow()
windowExample.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
grid_layout.setColumnStretch(x, x+1)
它将三行的伸展因子分别设置为 1,2,3，因此，列宽的顺序为 第三列>第二列>第一列。
Founder of DelftStack.com. Jinku has worked in the robotics and automotive industries for over 8 years. He sharpened his coding skills when he needed to do the automatic testing, data collection from remote servers and report creation from the endurance test. He is from an electrical/electronics engineering background but has expanded his interest to embedded electronics, embedded programming and front-/back-end programming.
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