在 PHP 中确定 referer
Sarwan Soomro
2022年5月13日
$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']
为我们提供了引用 URL
来确定服务器上的用户请求。但是,这不是最佳实践,因为引用者可能会通过 HTTP
受到损害。
在 PHP 中使用 $_SESSION[]
确定引用者
由于 HTTP_REFERER
可以被欺骗/伪造,PHP 允许我们使用会话/cookie 来确定传入的用户请求是否来自你的域(服务器)。
我们将为本教程创建两个演示页面。
userrequest.php
:在URL
中存储用户session id
,将其设置为true
并应用mt_rand()
以帮助增加安全性。determineuser.php
:使用session
和$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']
确定引荐来源(域/服务器)位置。
userrequest.php
代码:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<body>
<form action ="determineuser.php" method ="post" align="center">
<input type ="submit" name="click" value="Determine user request through session"/>
<?php
session_start(); //first we start session
$setsession = uniqid(mt_rand(), TRUE); //Set it true, assign mt_rand to ensure secuity
$_SESSION['set'] = $setsession;
//we can use url to export session over servers
$redirect = "determineuser.php?set={$setsession}"; // this url can be on any server
?>
<br>
<h1 align="center">
<?php
echo "Your current session is:".$_SESSION['set']; //check session on page 1
echo"<br>";
?>
</form>
</body>
</html>
determineuser.php
代码:
<?php
session_start(); //check if the session and form input is set
if ( (isset( $_SESSION[ 'set' ] ) && $_SESSION[ 'set' ] === TRUE ) || isset( $_POST[ 'click' ] ) ) {
echo "Determined Last visited page on the server using HTTP REFERER:<br>".$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'];
?>
<h1 align="center">
<p> This is the secure way to determine referer using session:</p>
<?php
echo $_SESSION['set'];//check session on page 2 (compare to determine from the last page)
?>
</h1>
<?php
} else {
//if the domain referer is not determined, header function will redirect the user page to the last page
header('Location:userrequest.php');
exit; //exit to release unnessary server load
}
?>
</form>
</body>
</html>
输出:
请务必注意,虽然确定 referer
的传统方法在大多数情况下并不可靠,但仍被广泛使用。为了更安全,我们建议使用 session
或 (AJAX
) 而不是 HTTP
。
Author: Sarwan Soomro
Sarwan Soomro is a freelance software engineer and an expert technical writer who loves writing and coding. He has 5 years of web development and 3 years of professional writing experience, and an MSs in computer science. In addition, he has numerous professional qualifications in the cloud, database, desktop, and online technologies. And has developed multi-technology programming guides for beginners and published many tech articles.
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