Python while 迴圈
在本節中,我們來介紹 while
迴圈,該迴圈內的語句會被執行多次,直到迴圈判斷條件不為 True
為止。在一個 while
迴圈中,如果判斷條件是 True
,則執行 while
內部語句,這個過程一直持續到條件變為 False
。
while
跟 for
迴圈相比,主要使用在當你不知道將要執行多少次迴圈語句(迭代總數)時。
以下是 Python while
迴圈的語法:
while condition:
block of statements
這裡,如果 condition
是 True
的話,則控制進入主體 while
並執行內部語句塊,當條件變為時 False
,迭代將停止並且迴圈也會終止。
while
迴圈示例
以下程式示例用來計算前五個偶數的總和:
sum = 0
i = 0 #initializing counter variable at 0
while i <= 10:
sum = sum + i
i = i + 2 #incrementing counter variable with inter of 2 for even numbers
print("Sum of first five even numbers =", sum)
Sum of first five even numbers = 30
首先,需要初始化計數器變數的值 i
,然後 while
的判斷條件是如果 i
大於 10 則應該終止 while
迴圈。然後 i
在每次迭代中遞增 2 來增加計數器變數,這將生成偶數序列,因為最初 i
為零。
當 i
變為 12 時,迴圈終止並將 sum
列印出來。在迴圈的每次迭代中,將值 i
累加到 sum
。
while
迴圈結合 else
在 while
迴圈語法中,你也可以在後面新增 else
語句塊,改語句塊在條件判斷為 False
並且迴圈沒有被跳出情況下被執行。
break
終止 while
迴圈,那它將忽略該 else
部分。count = 0
while count < 4:
print("You are inside while loop")
count = count + 1
else:
print("You are in else part")
You are inside while loop
You are inside while loop
You are inside while loop
You are inside while loop
You are in else part
當 count
大於 4 時,else
部分會被執行。
Founder of DelftStack.com. Jinku has worked in the robotics and automotive industries for over 8 years. He sharpened his coding skills when he needed to do the automatic testing, data collection from remote servers and report creation from the endurance test. He is from an electrical/electronics engineering background but has expanded his interest to embedded electronics, embedded programming and front-/back-end programming.
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