PyQt5 教程 - 網格佈局
我們將在本教程中學習 PyQt5 中的另一種佈局方法 - 網格佈局 GridLayout。
PyQt5 網格佈局
QGridLayout 類在視窗網格中放置控制元件。QGridLayout 獲取可用空間並將其劃分為行和列，然後將每個視窗控制元件放入指定的單元格中。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout,QPushButton, QApplication)
class basicWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
for x in range(3):
for y in range(3):
button = QPushButton(str(str(3*x+y)))
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
self.setWindowTitle('Basic Grid Layout')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
windowExample = basicWindow()
windowExample.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
在這裡，
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
定義了 grid_layout 為 QWidgets 中的 QGridLayout-網格佈局。
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
它將類佈局設定為剛定義的佈局方法 - 網格佈局。
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
QGridLayout 類的 addWidget 方法將按鈕 button 放在座標為 x,y 的單元格上。左上角的座標預設為 (0,0)。
PyQt5 網格佈局跨度
通常，每個控制元件都佔用網格的一個單元格，但控制元件也可以使用 addWidget() 過載方法，將行和列跨越更多數量的單元格。
addWidget (self, QWidget, row, column, rowSpan, columnSpan, Qt.Alignment alignment = 0)
第三個和第四個引數是行和列跨越，預設情況下等於 1。如果跨度為-1，則單元格控制元件將延伸到右邊或底邊。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout,QPushButton, QApplication)
class basicWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
button = QPushButton('1-3')
grid_layout.addWidget(button, 0, 0, 1, 3)
button = QPushButton('4, 7')
grid_layout.addWidget(button, 1, 0, -1, 1)
for x in range(1, 3):
for y in range(1, 3):
button = QPushButton(str(str(3*x+y)))
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
self.setWindowTitle('Basic Grid Layout')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
windowExample = basicWindow()
windowExample.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
PyQt5 網格佈局行列延伸
setColumnStretch 和 setRowStretch 設定列或行的伸展因子。伸展因子是與其他列/行相比的相對數。具有較高因子的列/行佔用更多可用空間。
import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QGridLayout,QPushButton, QApplication)
class basicWindow(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
grid_layout = QGridLayout()
self.setLayout(grid_layout)
for x in range(3):
for y in range(3):
button = QPushButton(str(str(3*x+y)))
grid_layout.addWidget(button, x, y)
grid_layout.setColumnStretch(x, x+1)
self.setWindowTitle('Basic Grid Layout')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
windowExample = basicWindow()
windowExample.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
grid_layout.setColumnStretch(x, x+1)
它將三行的伸展因子分別設定為 1,2,3，因此，列寬的順序為 第三列>第二列>第一列。
Founder of DelftStack.com. Jinku has worked in the robotics and automotive industries for over 8 years. He sharpened his coding skills when he needed to do the automatic testing, data collection from remote servers and report creation from the endurance test. He is from an electrical/electronics engineering background but has expanded his interest to embedded electronics, embedded programming and front-/back-end programming.
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